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Polyvinyl chloride |
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Polyvinyl chloride, (IUPAC Polychloroethene) commonly abbreviated PVC, is a widely used thermoplastic polymer. In terms of revenue generated, it is one of the most valuable products of the chemical industry. Around the world, over 50% of PVC manufactured is used in construction. As a building material, PVC is cheap, durable, and easy to assemble.
Polyvinyl chloride is used in a variety of applications. As a hard plastic, it is used as vinyl siding, magnetic stripe cards, window profiles, gramophone records (which is the source of the term vinyl records), pipe, plumbing and conduit fixtures. It can be made softer and more flexible by the addition of plasticizers, the most widely-used being phthalates. In this form, it is used in clothing and upholstery, and to make flexible hoses and tubing, flooring, to roofing membranes, and electrical cable insulation.
- TV, video, Hi- Fi - In electrical products, plastics are mainly found in casings and cable sheathings. However, they are also found in circuit cards, component capsules, mechanical bearing parts and moving mechanical components, such as wheels and stub shafts.
- White goods - These include washing machines, dishwashers, refrigerators, and freezers. PVC is commonly found in cables, shelving and door gaskets.
- Furniture - Imitation leather and furniture film are made from soft PVC, which contains phthalates. Phthalate releases can occur in connection with washing and direct exposure, and to a lesser extent to air. Other furniture parts can be made of PVC.
- Shoes - Soft PVC is used in shoes and parts of shoes, such as soles, labels for logo imprints, upper parts made from PVC imitation leather coatings.
- Bags - Sports bags, school bags and shoppers are often made from nylon with a PVC coating to make them waterproof.
- Clothes - T-shirts with plastisole prints, patent PVC clothes - trousers and raincoats (for waterproofing).
- Toys - Teethers, squeezy toys, inflatable toys, dolls. Toys are often made with soft PVC, which contains phthalates.
- Office supplies - Ring binders, folders, letter organisers, writing pads, clipboards, calendars can all contain soft PVC.
- Medical devices - this product group is made up of products that are used directly in the treatment of patients.
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